Park Se-dang's Parenting Methods

Park Se-dang: The Pioneer of Practical Learning in Joseon

Park Se-dang (朴世堂) was a mid-Joseon Dynasty official and calligrapher. Born into a prestigious family of scholars, he lost his father at the age of four and grew up in poverty, unable to study during his early years. It was not until he was ten that he began his education, showing remarkable talent that caught the attention of those around him. Although he lived through the turbulent times of the Imjin War (壬辰倭亂) and the Manchu Invasion of Korea (丙子胡亂), which hindered his political aspirations, he later devoted himself to nurturing students and became an early figure in promoting the Silhak (Practical Learning) movement. Let’s explore the teaching methods Park Se-dang used with his children.

Park Se-dang's Patience Until His Children Desired to Learn

Below is an excerpt from a letter Park Se-dang sent to his eldest son:
"Did you say you want to read history books? This is an area where you have been lacking. Now that you wish to pursue it, it will surely be beneficial. This brings me great comfort and joy. But let me ask, do you know how to read history books properly? If you simply read through them without retaining the essential points, it is of no use. I urge you to reflect on what you read during the day, either at night or the following morning, sitting quietly and pondering it deeply. Note also the sections that delighted you, as well as the behaviors of historical figures worth emulating or avoiding, and keep these lessons in your heart. By reading history books in this way, you will not forget easily, and it will significantly improve your behavior and words. Keep this in mind when reading history books."

Park Se-dang longed for his children to read history books but did not force them, choosing instead to wait for their interest. When his eldest son expressed the desire to read such books, Park promptly provided detailed guidance on how to approach reading, making him the perfect mentor for a motivated student. Although Park had to step away from official duties due to political conflict, he encouraged his children to take the Gwageo (state examination) and guided them once they were ready. In an era where early academic pressure is common and often leads to students losing interest, Park’s approach of waiting for his children’s readiness is a lesson in patient parenting.

Park Se-dang’s Writing Guidance for the State Exam

"Did you sleep well? If there is nothing pressing, a scholar must never be lazy in reading and practicing writing. These two activities are as essential to you as hoes and plows are to farmers. Therefore, you must discipline yourself and practice diligently every day. If you stop doing so, you will eventually find yourself in a position where you need to rely on others for help."

This excerpt is from a letter Park Se-dang wrote to his second son, who was preparing for the Gwageo. Park, who passed the highest state examination at the top of his class at the age of 32 and served in various important positions, later clashed with Song Si-yeol (宋時烈), a prominent leader of the Noron faction, leading to his withdrawal from politics. Despite this, he urged his children to pursue official careers. To help his second son prepare for the exam, Park stressed the importance of constant writing practice, as strong writing skills were crucial for success.

 

He shared his expertise in letters, explaining study techniques in detail. While many parents emphasize the importance of core subjects like language, English, and mathematics, few provide specific guidance on how to study effectively. Park Se-dang, however, never hesitated to share his knowledge when needed, demonstrating an engaged and proactive approach to education.

 

Although Park Se-dang, known as a tragic genius, could not realize his political ideals due to the times, he channeled his aspirations into educating future generations, nurturing the growth of Silhak. His exceptional teaching methods can still serve as a valuable model for modern parents.

 

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